• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for machining the running surface of a rail with the aid of at least one rotating, cutting shaping tool which is movable along the rail and can be pressed on at least on its running surface. In order to provide advantageous construction conditions, it is proposed that after machining with the cutting shaping tool at least one of the form-machined rail surface adapted rolling body for the purpose of leveling unevenness of the tread of the rail, is rolled over the rail under cold deformation of the tread of the rail.
    公开号:AT521163A4
    申请号:T506752018
    申请日:2018-08-07
    公开日:2019-11-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Linsinger Maschb Gesellschaft M B H；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Summary
    A method and a device for machining the tread of a rail with the aid of at least one rotating, cutting shaping tool that can be moved along the rail and can be pressed on at least on its tread are described. In order to create advantageous structural relationships, it is proposed that after machining with the machining shaping tool, at least one rolling body adapted to the machined rail surface is rolled over the rail to level out unevenness in the running surface of the rail, with cold deformation of the running surface of the rail.
    (Fig. 1) / 14 (42184) HEL
    The invention relates to a method for machining the running surface of a rail with the aid of at least one rotating, cutting shaping tool which can be moved along the rail and pressed onto the running surface, and to a device for carrying out this method.
    Rails of rail vehicle tracks are subject to wear, which is caused by contact forces between rails and rolling rail vehicle wheels. The undesirable wear-related changes in the rail cross-section that occur in this process are subjected to a re-profiling process on a regular basis or as required to extend the service life. Preventive processing is also possible. Uneven rails in the area of the rail head being used are divided into longitudinal waves (along the rail axis), corrugations (transverse to the rail axis) and finally roughness. Longitudinal waves are usually caused by driving. Ripples are also created, for example, by milling the rail head. Roughness arises in particular in the course of grinding the rail head. The rail head is re-profiled primarily with machining processes such as grinding, planing, rotary planing or milling, whereby these machining processes are either carried out on removed rails or can today mostly be carried out using rail-guided machining vehicles in the laid track (EP 2 638 209 A1).
    A method and a device for reprofiling a rail is known for example from WO 02/06587 A1. This discloses a track-guided machining vehicle with which the running surface of a rail, which essentially comprises the running surface and the driving edge, is brought back or approximated to the target profile by means of circumferential milling and, if necessary, by means of a grinding process. With such a method and such a processing vehicle, the target profile of rails can be restored in a rational manner in a short time. However, their use has so far only been possible on continuous track sections, while on sections of track with interruptions in the rails, such as in the area of switches and crossings, re-profiling is often carried out using hand-held processing tools or smaller special devices. EP 2 638 209 A1 therefore proposed a method and a device for reprofiling rails, with which rational and defined reprofiling is also possible in the area of switches and track crossings.
    It has been shown (Sadeghi, J., Hasheminezhad, A. Correlation between rolling noise generation and rail roughness of tangent tracks and curbes in time and frequency domains. Applied Acoustics 2016; 107: 10 - 18) that periodic roughness indicates a rail surface, as it occurs after re-profiling the rail by milling or possibly also by grinding, leads to a substantial increase in the sound pressure when the rail is rolled over with a rail vehicle wheel, which represents a high acoustic load on the environment when rolling over.
    Also as a result of the rail operation, local periodic bumps occur on the top of the rails, which cause vibrations and structure-borne noise when the wheels of the rail vehicle roll, which lead to noise pollution of the environment and to noise and vibration pollution of the passengers. One possibility for the early detection of bumps in the driving surface is known from EP 1 612 551 A1. To determine the roughness of freshly ground rails and / or rail areas, swirl current test probes are guided over areas of rail segments and the measurement signals are evaluated depending on the location.
    / 14
    The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and creating a device, wherein periodic roughness on a rail surface, such as occurs after re-profiling the rail by milling or possibly also by grinding, can be avoided with simple means ,
    The invention achieves the stated object in that, after processing with the machining shaping tool, at least one rolling element adapted to the machined rail surface is rolled over the rail to level out unevenness of the running surface of the rail, with cold deformation of the running surface of the rail.
    The roller body acting as a roller rolls with its jacket on the running surface of the rail, the generatrix of the lateral surface rolling on the running surface about an axis corresponding to the cross section of a machined, ie already reprofiled, rail surface. In the method according to the invention, as part of the rail maintenance following the rail re-profiling process, for example by milling, dobbling and / or grinding, one or more rolling bodies adapted to the reprofiled running surface are rolled over the rail with high contact pressure in order to avoid the unevenness that occurred during reprofiling, in particular, to level longitudinal waves or corrugations and / or to modify the roughness of the surface. It is essential to the invention that the reworking with the rolling element does not take place in an abrasive manner, but takes place with cold forming, that is to say without material being removed. The process therefore works without any sparks or residues and without the heat input into the rail which affects the rail strength. Due to the high contact pressure and a correspondingly small contact area with the rail, there is a pressure which causes the desired cold deformation. In particular, corrugations should be smoothed in order to reduce periodic roughness on the rail surface and to avoid or noticeably reduce noise emissions that occur when the rail is rolled over with a rail vehicle wheel.
    / 14
    The rolling element is rolled over the rail with cold deformation of at least the running surface of the rail. However, the running edge can also be machined according to the invention.
    If the rolling element is rolled over the rail with a slip of between 0.001 and 20% that is leading or lagging, the method can achieve even better results. The rolling element rotates faster or slower, depending on requirements, than it would with slip-free rolling on the rail.
    It is advisable if the rolling body is made of a higher-strength material than the rail and is rolled over the rail with a predetermined, in particular finely structured, surface structure, the surface structure being plastically pressed into the rail in the rollover process. The rolling body has the desired finely structured surface structure on the lateral surface rolling on the rail, which is rolled over the rail with or without slippage. This surface structure is understood to mean a surface which has defined hills and valleys, the hills penetrating into the rail surface being able to generate local peak pressures which favor the plastic deformation of the running surface of the rail. Longitudinal waves or corrugations can thus be at least partially leveled.
    In order to achieve the necessary pressure between the rolling element and the rail with reasonable effort. It is proposed that the rolling body is rolled over the rail with a nominal contact pressure of 0.8 to 2, in particular 1.2 to 1.75GPa. The nominal contact pressure is understood to mean the contact pressure between an (idealized) smooth rolling element and an (idealized) smooth rail.
    The measures described above promote targeted plasticization of the rail near the surface, which is conducive to leveling the shafts or corrugations. The aim of the method is to remove the unevenness in the running surface of the rail caused by the reprofiling, which is the cause of the excitation of sound-generating / 14
    Vibrations can be seen in the wheel-rail system to the extent that this excitation is prevented.
    At least two rolling elements can be rolled over the rail in succession with cold deformation of the running surface of the rail, it being particularly advantageous if the rolling elements are rolled over the rail with different slip and / or different surface structure and / or different contact pressure.
    Likewise, the shaping tool and the rolling tool can also be constructed on a stationary machining device and in this case the rail can be displaced with a feed along the shaping tool and the rolling tool for machining at least the running surface of a rail.
    A device according to the invention for machining at least the tread of a rail comprises a rail-guided machining vehicle or a stationary machining device, the machining vehicle or machining device being designed in such a way that the shaping tool and rolling tool on the one hand and the rail on the other hand can be moved relative to one another, the at least one on the tread of the Pressable, rotating, cutting shaping tool that works on the rail. The cutting shaping tool is followed in its working direction by a rolling element adapted to the machined rail surface, which can be moved along the rail with the processing vehicle for the purpose of leveling unevenness in the running surface of the rail, with cold deformation of the running surface of the rail, and can be pressed against the running surface of the rail with an actuator ,
    A device according to the invention for carrying out the method is shown in the description of the figures.
    In the drawing, the subject of the invention is shown schematically, for example. It shows / 14
    Fig. 1 shows a processing vehicle with a device according to the invention in side view
    2 is an enlarged side view of a detail of the device of FIG. 1 in side view,
    3 a rolling body rolling on a rail in an oblique view,
    4 shows a diagram illustrating the leveling of longitudinal shafts caused by milling cutters, and FIG. 5 shows a diagram representing the leveling of milling-related transverse shafts (corrugations).
    The device for machining the running surface 1 of a rail 2 with a rail-guided machining vehicle 3 comprises at least one rotating, cutting shaping tool 4 that can be moved along the rail and pressed onto the running surface 1. The machining shaping tool 4 is one of the machined ones in its working direction 5 running in the longitudinal direction of the rail Subordinate rolling surface 6 adapted to the rail surface, for the purpose of leveling unevenness of the running surface 2 of the rail, while cold-deforming at least the running surface, in particular the machined rail surface, the rail 2 can be moved along the rail 2 with the processing vehicle 3 and thereby with an actuator 7 against the running surface 1 the rail can be pressed on with a defined contact force Fa. The processing vehicle 3 can optionally consist of two or more optionally independently operating carriages, for example at least one for the shaping tool 4 and at least one for the rolling elements 6.
    The rolling body 6 is equipped with a rotary drive 8, which rolls the rolling body with a leading or lagging slip s of between 0.001 and 20% over the rail 2. The rotary drive 8 can also act as a brake drive. The rolling body 6 consists of a higher strength material than the rail and has a predetermined, in particular finely structured, surface structure 9 with a roughness depth of <10 pm, in particular <1 pm.
    / 14
    The rolling element has, for example, a diameter D of less than 50 mm and is pressed with the actuator 7 with a nominal contact pressure of 0.8 to 2, in particular from 1.2 to 1.75GPa, against the running surface of the rail. The nominal contact pressure prevails in the contact area between the rail and rolling element.
    Numerical studies have shown that even after the previously abrasively processed rail has been rolled over with specifically selected contact parameters (rolling element diameter, contact pressure and, depending on the geometry and load, between 0.001 and 20% with a leading or lagging slip), the surface quality can be as desired To influence the senses. A defined rolling over of the rail with the rolling element causes the roughness peaks to be leveled.
    FIG. 4 shows a calculation of the leveling of longitudinal shaft peaks (normal to the longitudinal direction of the rail) via the representation of the surface coordinates before and after several simulated rollovers with a contact pressure of 1.25 GPa and a braking slip of 1.5%. The rail runs in the direction of the x coordinate. The Z coordinate corresponds to a rail vertical axis. For a wave tip height of 12 μm, a rollover cycle is sufficient to level it under the given conditions. In particular, a leveling of longitudinal waves when rolling over with a smooth rolling element is shown. The contact pressure corresponds to 1.25 GPa, with a lagging, i.e. braking, slip of 1.5%. The rail steel has a quality of R260. A rollover cycle is sufficient for sufficient leveling.
    In Fig. 5 the leveling of transverse waves (ripples) is shown. The y coordinate corresponds to a transverse rail axis. A leveling of cross shafts when rolling over with a smooth rolling body is shown for two exemplary cases. One with a contact pressure of 1 52 GPa and a second time with a contact pressure of 1.69 GPa, with a trailing slip of 1.5% and an R260 rail steel. With the above-mentioned selected parameters, a transverse shaft / 14 can be leveled with only one rollover, substantially and in terms of extent comparable to the leveling by grinding directly after the rail milling.
    / 14
    patent attorneys
    Dipl.-Ing. Helmut Hübscher
    Dipl.-Ing. Gerd pretty
    Dipl.-Ing. Karl Winfried Hellmich
    Spittelwiese 4, 4020 Linz (42184) HEL
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    claims
    1. A method for machining the running surface of a rail with the aid of at least one rotating, cutting shaping tool that can be moved along the rail and pressed onto its running surface, characterized in that after processing with the machining shaping tool at least one rolling element adapted to the shaped rail surface for the purpose of leveling unevenness the running surface of the rail is rolled over the rail with cold deformation of the running surface of the rail.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rolling body is rolled with a leading or lagging slip of between 0.001 and 20% on the rail.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rolling body consisting of a higher-strength material than the rail is rolled over the rail with a predetermined, in particular finely structured, surface structure, the surface structure being plastically pressed into the rail in the rollover process.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rolling body with a nominal contact pressure of 0.8 to 2, in particular of
    1.2 to 1.75GPa, is rolled over the rail.
    10/14
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least two rolling elements are successively rolled over the rail with cold deformation of the running surface of the rail.
    [6]
    6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the rolling bodies with different slip and / or different surface structure and / or different contact pressure are rolled over the rail.
    [7]
    7. Device for machining the tread (1) of a rail (2) with a rail-guided processing vehicle (3) comprising at least one rotating, cutting, shaping tool (4) which can be moved along the rail (2) and pressed onto the tread (1), thereby characterized in that the cutting shaping tool (4) is followed in its working direction (5) by a rolling body (6) which is adapted to the shaped rail surface and which, for the purpose of leveling unevenness of the running surface (1) of the rail (2), with cold deformation of the running surface (1) the rail (2) can be moved along the rail with the processing vehicle (3) and can be pressed against the running surface (1) of the rail (2) with an actuator (7).
    [8]
    8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the rolling body (6) is equipped with a rotary drive (8) and / or brake drive which the rolling body (6) with a leading or lagging slip (s) of between 0.001 and 20 % rolls over the rail.
    [9]
    9. The device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the rolling body (6) consists of a higher strength material than the rail (2) and a predetermined, in particular finely structured, surface structure (9) with a roughness depth of <10pm, in particular of < 1pm.
    [10]
    10. Device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the rolling body (6) with the actuator (7) with a nominal contact pressure of 0.8 to 2, in particular from 1.2 to 1.75GPa, against the tread ( 1) the rail (2) is pressed.
    [11]
    11/14
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    引用文献:
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    WO2021108826A1|2019-12-04|2021-06-10|Linsinger Maschinenbau Gesellschaft M.B.H.|Method for reprofiling at least one rail|JP3798176B2|1999-03-19|2006-07-19|山陽特殊製鋼株式会社|Manufacturing method of grooved linear guide material by cold rolling|
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    法律状态:
    2020-09-15| PC| Change of the owner|Owner name: MATE GMBH, AT Effective date: 20200803 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AT506752018A|AT521163B1|2018-08-07|2018-08-07|Method for machining the tread of a rail|AT506752018A| AT521163B1|2018-08-07|2018-08-07|Method for machining the tread of a rail|
    US17/266,179| US20210308820A1|2018-08-07|2019-04-06|Method for machining the running surface of a rail|
    PCT/AT2019/060252| WO2020028930A1|2018-08-07|2019-08-06|Method for machining the running surface of a rail|
    JP2021505985A| JP2021533292A|2018-08-07|2019-08-06|How to machine the running surface of the rail|
    CA3111144A| CA3111144A1|2018-08-07|2019-08-06|Method for machining the running surface of a rail|
    EP19755273.0A| EP3833817A1|2018-08-07|2019-08-06|Method for machining the running surface of a rail|
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